Deep well pump



Mh., 9 W3?. J. a. SPELLACY ET AL DEEP WELL PUMP Filed March 19, 1929 gnam/dro@ Jaw/oh B. pe/Zacy Jvse/o/v Mead w M mommy Litt Patented Feb. 9, 1932 4UNITED 'STATES PATENT OFFICE U'SEIH IB. SPELLACY, 0F GUSTA. MESA, AND JUSEPH E. MEAD, OF INGLEWOOD, CALI- IFORNIA, ASSIGNOBS 0F ONE-THIRD T0 C. lNCRMAN' RALEY, OF SEAL BEACH, GALI- FR-NIA DEEP WELL PUMP Application led March 18, 1929. Serial No. 348,156.

This invention relates to deep well pumps. it the present time deep well pumps are frequently of relatively great depth, often exceeding five thousand feet. When it is attempted to pump a well of such reat de th with a sucker rod, the resiliency o the suc er rod causes considerable dificulties in pumping because the rod lengthens considerably, sometimes as much as a foot, and this seriously detracts from the efficiency of the pump. For this reason attempts have been made to produce a simple deep well pump actuated by fluid pressure.

Une of the difficulties encountered in the construction of such pumps is the automatic control of the valves. The general object of this invention is to provide a deep well pump of simple co truction which is composed of few parts an which can be readily mounted in a well casing, and to provide simple means for securing the pump barrels or cylinders in place.

ri. further object of the invention is to construct the parts in such a way that they can be built into the casing by using ordinary or standard pipe threads; also to provide simple means for forming an inlet passage and an exhaust passage within the casing for conducting the operating fluid down to the pump and for carrying oil the exhaust fluid from the pump.

a. further obj ect of the invention is to provide a construction whereby the automatic mnvement of the valve is imparted yieldingly to the valve, thereby avoiding the necessity for extreme accuracy in the-construction of the pump.

Further objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

Before proceeding to a detaileddescription of the invention it will facilitate its disclosure to state that the pump is of a type in which the pumped liquid raised by the pump passes through the pump by passing through a tubular piston rod embodied in the construction of the pump. The parts of the pump are supported by employing a fixed head which may be screwed into the pi e sections that form the pump casing whic con.- stitutes an extension of an inside casing within the well casing, and this inside casing is constructed in such a way as to conduct down theoperating fluid to the pump and carry 1t o The pump embodies two cylinders, one disposed above the fixed head and another below the fixed head, and the head is constructed so asto provide space for an inlet valve chamber on one side and an exhaust chamber on the other side. The pump is constructed so that the reciprocation of the pistons operates the exhaust valves for the cylinders and also operates the inlet valve, arrangement being made for imparting a closing movement to the inlet valve through yielding means.

The invention consists in the novel parts and combination of parts to be described hereinafter, all of which contribute to produce an efficient deep well pump.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is described in the following specification, while the broad scope of the invention is pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings;

Figure l is a vertical section through the upper end of the pump casing and particularly illustrating features of construction which enable an inlet and exhaust passage being formed to serve the pump, certain parts being broken away.

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, but taken just below the location of the parts illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 8 is also a section through the pump, but taken on a still lower level.

Figure 4 is a vertical section, certain parts being broken away and shown in elevation, and illustrating the construction at the bottorn of the well below the pump proper which is illustrated in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a horizontal cross-section on the line 5 5 of Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a horizontal cross-section on the line 6 6 of Figure 2.

Figure 7 is a horizontal cross-section 0n the line 7 7, Figure 3.

Figure 8 is a horizontal cross-section on the line 8 8, Figure 3.

Referring more particularly to the parts,

' form, eing of en inder 13 is attached.

and particularly 'to Figure 3, 1 represents the pump casing which may be made of standard 25 well-tubing, comprising a lower tube 2 and an upper tube section 3 with standard threads 4 screwing onto our pump head 5 which is ixed in the ump casin This head is of elongated ga ged diameter at its lower end or foot 6 that carries the threads 4. The fixed head 5 is preferably of elongated f orm and cut away on one side to form an lnlet valve chest 7 and on the other side to form an exhaust chamber 8, the said exhaust chamber being in communication with a bore 9 that extends completely through the iixed head, terminating at its upper end in a valve opening having a conical valve seat 10 and terminating at its lower end in a valve opening having a conical valve seat 11.

The upper end of the fixed head 5 is of reduced diameter with respect to the casing 1 and is formed with a thread connection 12 to which the upper pum barrel or power cylhis cylinder 13 may be of special tubing with standard thread to iit the thread connection 12.

A similar power cylinder 14 is provided for the lower end o the pump having a thread connection 15 at its upper end screwin onto a reduced tip at the lower end of the oot 6.

The exhaust valve 16 for the upper cylinder 13 has a substantially conical head seating on the seat 10 and has a. body in the form of a sleeve 17 of tubular form surrounding the tubular pump piston 18 which extends coaxially through the xed head 5: At the lower end of the pump there is a similarexhaust valve 19 havin a substantiall conical head comingl upon t e seat 11 and avm a body in `the form of a tubular sleeve 20 gui ed on the piston rod 18.

Between the ends of the sleeves of the exhaust valves we provide resilient means for imparting movement between these valves. This means is in the form of a coilrspring 21 surrounding the tubular piston rod 18 and thrusting at its ends against washers 22 which seat against the ends of the exhaust valves. Beyond the conical heads of the exhaust valves each exhaust valvetis formed into a stuiiing box 23 provided with packing for preventing leakage of the operating Huid from the interior of the adjacent pump cylinder.

By a suitable inlet passage or duct 24 the operating iiuid is admitted into the inlet valve chamber 7 At each end of this chamber an inlet port 25 is formed communicating with inclined ports 26 (see Figure 7) that extend toward the adjacent pump cylinder and communicate with its interior. These inlet ports 25 are controlled by valve means preferably in the form of a reciprocating valve 27 having an adjustable connection 28 at its middle point and having a conical head 29 at each end operating as a valve closure,

coi-'operating with itscorresponding inlet port In the operation of the pump, automatic means eii'ectsv the throwing of this valve from one extreme osition to the other; in other. words, the va ve alternately opens and closes the inlet passages 25. In order to accomplish this and at the same time provide' for yieldingly imparting the operating force to the va per stem- 30 that extends up and is formed with a yoke constituting a hook 31 to engage over the outer end of the adjacent exhaust valve. A similar lower stem 32 is provided, constructed in the` same manner as the upper stein, but co-operating with the lower exhaust valve 19.

The' tubular piston rod 18 carries an upper piston 33 rigidly connected to it and operating in the upper power cylinder 13. A similar lower piston 34 is attached on the tubular piston rod or pump rod 18 and operates in the lower power cylinder 14.

Although it is not essential, between each piston 34 and its corresponding exhaust valve, we provide a coil spring 35. This is to cushion the blow of the piston against the end of the stuiling box 23 when the end of the stroke is being reached. In this connection, it should be' understood that in Figure 3 the parts are represented in the relation in which exhaust is taking place from the upper cylinder as indicated by the arrows. As the pistons reach the lower end 'of their stroke the upper piston 33 strikes against its corresponding spring 35 and compresses this spring, therebly imparting movement to the exhaust valve 16 which starts to close.

However, before this valve reaches its seat 10, the spring 21 between the exhaust valves will have been considerably compressed and possibly sufficiently compressed to close it up. This spring 21 then causes the opening of the lower exhaust valve 19. While this valve is seated, of course, it is unbalanced, and it is held on its seat by the pressure in the lower cylinder 14. As soon as the valve 19 moves suiiioiently to crack the valve, this pressure will become unbalanced and the spring 21 will exert its force to move the exhaust valve 'employing adjustable stops for limiting the movements of the exhaust valves.

The piston is driven in a downward direction by the operatin fluid'admitted to the lower cylinder 14, t e same flowing down from the lower end of the valve chest 7, as

Ve 27, the valve is provided with an uplll lill

indicated by the arrows. On its u stroke the action of the ump at the end of t 1e stroke is theV same' as t at described above. In other words, at the end of each stroke the movement of the pistons is communicated yieldingly to the inlet valve, throwing the same automatically to a reverse position corresponding to the reverse position of the exhaust valves, which also occurs automatically, at the end et each strolre.

An exhaust passage 36 communicates with the exhaust chamber 8,7above the' pump, and this exhaust passage 36 is maintained in communication with the space or chamber 37 above the upper piston 33. For this purpose the wall of the cylinder at this point is provided with a plurality oit openings 38 with sullicient area to insure a free inow and outllow ol the fluid, thereby preventing the formation ot' any partial vacuum or pressure on the upper tace ot the piston 33. In other words, we provide means at this point for giving the piston tree action.

ller a similar reason we provide a lower exhaust passage 39 communicating by a passage 46 with the lower end oi the exhaust chamber 3 and this lower exhaust chamber 39 communicates through openings 41 (see lligure 4) with the lower pump barrel 14.

' litt-his point a bottom head 42 is slipped onto the lower end ol the pump barrel 14 and screwed onto the lower end o'l the tube 2, and this head is provided with a suitable stutling box 43 or guide vfor the tubular pump rod 18 that extends down through the head and carries a check valve 44 operating in a loot chamber 45 to which the liquid being pumped is admitted through a standing valve or Aloot valve 46. On each up stroke of the cheeh valve 44 liquid liows into the chamber 45 'through the valve 46 and on each down strolre the valve 44 is unseated and passes liquid up into the tubular pump rod 18.

"lhe means for separating the inlet passage 24 from the outlet passage 36 will now be described.

ltelterring to Figures 3 and 8, it will be noted that at two points the periphery of the iixed head 5 touches the inner wall of the pump casing 3. At these points the periphery o'f the fixed head forms radialwebs 47 that divide these passages from each other, being welded at 48 to the inner 'face of the casing. llhis separation of these two passages is maintained to a. higher level by employing longitudinal bars 49 (see Figure 6) which are welded between the inner casing 13 and the outer pump casing 1 and located in line with the webs 47 to which their lower ends connect. This connection is effected as indicated in Figure 3 by extending the web weld 48 upwardly along an inclined welding line 50 that meets the lower end of bars 49 just below the thread connection 12. These bars 49 extend on up to the upper end of the exhaust passage 36 which is closed by a sleeve 51 (see Figure 1 that is welded as a distance sleeve or spacer tween the upper end of the inner casing 13 and the outer pump casing 1. On one side this sleeve is cut away to form a gap or port 52 (see Figure 5) that communicates with the upper end of the passage 24. The upper ends of the bars 49 are welded at 53 to the lower edge of the sleeve 51 at the sides of this gap 52. In this wa the bars 49 match up with the lower end o the sleeve 51; at the same time they close off the passage 36 at its upper end, and they also open up communication for the passage 24 past the sleeve 51.

Above the sleeve 51 the upper end of the outer pump casing 1 forms a connection through a reducing union 54 with a tubular extension 55. This tubular extension 55 is packed olf by packing 56 from a flow pipe 57 the lower end of which is screw-threaded into a reducing head 58 that willbe referred to hereinafter.

The tubular extension 55 is packed olf by packing 59 from the well casing 60, and o enings 61 are provided through the wall o the tubular extension 55 so that gas or air under pressure can flow down through the well casing above the packing 59 and thence through the openings 61 down through the reducing union 54 and thence through the gap 52 and passage 24 into the pump.

The lower end of the reducing head 58 has a screw connection with the part 62 of the flow pipe that carries an upper check valve 63 above the pump. An extension 64 on the upper end of the tubular pump piston and above the upper piston 33 extends up into a receiving chamber 66, passing through a suitable stuiiing box 65 so that the pumped liquid will be delivered into the receiving chamber 66 formed below the check valve 63.

If desired, the upper end of the exhaust passage 36 may be connected in any suitable manner to the atmosphere above the well. We prefer, however, to permit the exhaust fluid in the exhaustpassage 36 to pass into the upper end of the pump barrel 13 above the upper piston 33, and this is effected through the medium of openings 67 through which the exhaust fluid passes as indicated by the arrows in Figure 2. After the pressure in the fluid in the space 68 at the upper end ofthe barrel 13 rises suiiiciently, it may be admitted into the receiving chamber 66 through a check valve 69 and also into the spa-ce within the part 62 above the check valve 63 by passing through a cheek valve 70. These check valves 69 and 7() are of elbow form.

We shall now briefly outline the general mode of operation of the pump. The operating fluid passes down the casing 6() (see Figure 1) and through the openings 61 down through the tubular extension 55' and past the reducing union 54 into the upper end of the outler pum casing 1, from which oint the operating uid then passes throug the gap 52, passing by the sleeve 51 and then into the inlet passage 24 between the bars 49. This assave 24 conducts the operating fluid into t e valve chest 7 As the ump pistons reciprocate, they automatical y open the ports 25 so as to admit the operating fluid alternately to the under side of the upper piston and the upper side of the lower piston (see Figure 3). At the end of each down stroke, for example, the upper piston will strike the sprin 35 and thereb press down on the upper en of the stufhng ox 23, thereby forcing the upper exhaust valve 16 down and closin the upper exhaust passage at the seat 10. efore this occurs, however, the

downward movement of the valve 16 willy have stored up energy in the spring 21, or will have closed u the coils of this sprmg,

so as to transmit force from the upper exlet port 25. This admits the operating fluid to the upper cylinder and permits exhaust of the lower cylinder past the exhaust valve seat 11.- The pistons are then on their up stroke. Both exhaust valves exhaust the operating fluid into the exhaust chamber 8, whence the exhaust operating fluid passes up by the passage 36 and thence through the ports 67 into the upper end of the upper cylinder above the piston 33 from which point the exhaust fluid passes through the valve 69 into the liquid receiving chamber 66 or through the valve 70 into the space 62 above the check valve 63.

The pump can be operated either with a gas under pressure or a liquid under pressure. In the former case the admission of the exhaust gas into the flow line considerably assists the lifting action of the pump.

The liquid being pumped is admitted on each down stroke throu'gh the valve 44 (see Figure 4) and passes into the lower end of the tubular sucker rod. On each up stroke the liquid in the rod is lifted and forces a quantity of' the liquid from the receiving chamber 66 past the valve-63 into the flow pipe 62 above the valve 63. From this point the pumped liquid passes up 'through the reducing head 58 (see Figure 1) and through the tubular extension 57 into the upper. end of the tubular extension above the packing 56.

At the mouth of the well a connection, not illustrated, would be made to the upper end of the tubular extension 55 for carrying oil' the pumped liquid; and a similar connection would be made to the upper end of the casin for forcing'down the operating fluid.

t is understood that the embodiment of each end of the fixed head with an exhaust valve corresponding thereto, said head having an inlet valve chest with inlet valve means for controlling the flow of the operating fluid to each cylinder, a foot chamber for the pumped liquid, the lower end of the tubular piston rod being received in the'foot chamber, and having a check valve enabling the pump to raise the umped liquid through the tubular piston ro the upper piston operating at the end of the down-stroke to close the upper exhaust valve and open the lower exhaust valve, and automatic means for controlling the inlet valve means by the reciprocation of the piston rod.

2. ln a fluid operated deep well pump the combination of an outer casing with a fixed head mounted therein, a power cylinder at each end of the said head, a piston in each cylinder with a tubular piston rod rigidly connecting thepistons and passing through the fixed head, an exhaust valve opening in each end of the fixed head, with a tubular exhaust valve corresponding thereto and disposed around the piston rod, said head having an inlet valve chest with inlet valve means for cont-rolling the flow of the operating fluid to each cylinder, a foot chamber for the pumped liquid, a check valve in the tubular piston rod enabling the pump to raise the pumped liquid through the tubular piston rod, a foot chamber' for the pumped liquid receiving the lower end of the tubular rod,

the upper piston operating at the end of the 3. In a fluid operated deep well pump, thecombination of an outer casing with a fixed head mounted therein, a power cylinder at each end of the said head, a piston in each cylinder with a tubular piston rod rigidly connecting the pistons and passing through the lixed head, an exhaust valve opening in each end of the fixed head with an exhaust valve corresponding thereto, said head having an inlet valve chest with inlet valve means for controllin the flow of theoperating fluid to each cylin er, said exhaust valves being of tubular form and disposed around the tubular piston rod, a spring located between the exhaust valves, a check valve in the tubular piston rod enabling the pump to raise the pumped liquid through the tubular piston rod, a foot chamber for the pumped liquid receiving` the lower end of the piston rod, the upper piston operating at the end of the downstroke to compress the said spring, open the lower exhaust valve and close the upper exhaust valve, and means connecting the said valves with the inlet valve means for controlling the flow of the operating fluid into the cylinders.

4. In a fluid operated deep well pump, the combination of an outer casing with a fixed head mounted therein, a power cylinder at each end of the said head, a piston in each cylinder with a tubular piston rod rigidly connecting the pistons and passing through the fixed head, an exhaust valve opening in each end of the fixed head with an exhaust valve corresponding thereto, said head having an inlet valve chest with inlet valve means for controlling the flow of the operating Huid to each cylinder, said exhaust valves being of tubular form and disposed around the Jtubular piston rod, a spring located between the exhaust valves, a check valve in the tubular piston rod enabling the pump to raise the pumped liquid through the tubular piston rod, "a foot chamber for the pumped liquid receiving the lower end of the piston rod, an upper stem connected with the inlet valve means and engaging the upper exhaust valve, a lower stem connected with the inlet valve means and engaging the lower exhaust valve, enabling the exhaust valves to control the inlet valve means. the upper pis-- ton operating at the end of the down stroke to compress the said spring and open the lower exhaust valve, thereby actuating the inlet valve means to close off flow of the operating fluid to the lower cylinder and admit the operating fluid to the upper cylinder.

5. ln a fluid operated deep well pump, the combination of an -outer casing with a fixed head mounted therein, a power cylinder at each end of the said head. a piston in each cylinder with a tubular piston rod rigidly connecting; the pistons and passing through the fixed head, a foot chamber for the pumped liquid receiving the lower end of the rod, a check-valve in the tubular piston rod enabling the pump to raise the pumped liquid through the tubular piston rod, a tubular exhaust valve in the upper end of the head for exhaustingtheoperatingfluidfrom the upper cylinder, a tubular exhaust valve at the lower end of the fixed head for exhausting the operating fluid from the lower cylinder, said head having an inlet valve-chest with an inlet port leadin therefrom to the upper cylinder and an in et port leading therefrom to the lower cylinder, an inlet valve movable in upper piston operating at the end of the down stroke to open the lower exhaust valve and close the upper exhaust valve, and automatic means for controlling the inlet valve by the reciprocating movement of the pistons.

6. In a fluid operated deep well pump, the combination of an outer casing with a fixed head mounted therein, said xed head being of enlarged diameter at one end with thread connections connecting the same to the upper and lower sections of the outer casing, a power cylinder at each end of the said head, a piston in each cylinder with a tubular piston rod rigidly connectingthe pistons and passing through the fixed head, a checkvalve in the tubular piston rod enabling the pump to raise the pumped liquid through the tubular piston rod, a foot chamber for the pumped liquid receiving the lower end ofthe rod, a tubular exhaust valve in the upper end of the head for exhausting the operating fluid from the upper cylinder, a tubular exhaust valve at the lower end of the fixed head for exhausting the operating fluid from the lower cylinder, said head having an inlet valve-chest with an inlet port leading therefrom to the upper cylinder and an inlet port leading therefrom to the lower cylinder, an l inlet valve movable in the valve-chest and capable of alternately opening and closing the said inlet ports, the upper piston operating at the end of the down stroke to open the lower exhaust valve and close the upper exhaust valve, and automatic means for controlling the inlet valve by the reciprocating movement of the pistons.

7. In a fluid operated deep well pump, the combination of an outer casing with an elongated fixed head mounted therein, said head having a longitudinal bore therethrough on the axis of the casing, inner tubing attached to the upper end of the fixed head and forming an upper power cylinder, inner tubing attached to the lower end of the lixed head and forming a lower power cylinder, means connecting the inner tubing with the upper and lower ends of the said head and forming an exhaust space communicating with the said bore, said head having an inlet chamber on the side opposite to the said exhaust space with means between the inner tubing and the casing for conducting the operating fluid into in the inlet valve chamber with inlet exhaust from the lower cylinder, the u per piston operating at the end of the' own stroke to open the lower exhaust valve and close the upper exhaust valve, valve-means orts in the end of the fixed head controlled t ereby for controlling admission of the operating fluid to the two cylinders, and automatic means for controlling the inlet valve means through the reciprocating movement of the pistons.

8. In a Huid operated deep well pump the combination of an outer casing with a fixed head mounted therein, a power cylinder at each end of the said head, a piston in each cylinder with a tubular piston rod rigidly connecting the pistons and passing through the fixed head, acheck-valve in the tubular piston rod enabling the pump to raise the pumped liquid through the tubular piston rod, a foot chamber for the pumped liquid receiving the lowerend of the rod, a tubular exhaust valve in the upper end of the head for exhausting the operating fluid from the upper cylinder, a tubular exhaust valve at the lower end of the xed head for exhausting the operating fluid from the lower cylinder, said head having an inlet valve-chest with an inlet port leading Itherefrom to the upper cylinder and an inlet port leading therefrom to the lower cylinder, an mlet valve movable in the valve-chest and capable of alternately opening and closing the said inlet ports, the upper piston operating at the end of the down stroke to open the lower exhaust valve and close the upper exhaust valve, automatic means for controlling the inlet valve by the reciprocating movement of the pistons, including an upper stem connected with the inlet valve and having a hook at its upper end engaging the upper end of the upper exhaust valve and a lower stem extending down from the inlet valve and having a hook at its lower end engaging the lower end of the lower exhaust valve.

9. In a fluid operated deep-well pump, the combination of a coupling member having an upper casing tube connected'thereto and a lower casing tube connected thereto, an inner tube constituting a power cylinder withlin the upper casing tube connected to the coupling member and a lower inner tube constituting a lower power cylinder attached to the lower endl of the coupling member, said coupling head havin a valve chamber for the operating fluid an an exhaust chamber for the exhaust operating fluid, pistons working respectively in the power cylinders, with a tubular piston-rod connecting the same for conducting the pumped fluid upwardly through the pump, said piston-rod having a check-valve at its lower end, a foot chamber for the pumped iiuid receiving the lower` end of the piston rod, an exhaust valve at each end of the coupling member with a passage communicating with the exhaust chamber,

an exhaust valve corresponding to each valve seat, the upper piston operating at the end of the down stroke to close the upper exhaust valve and open the lower exhaust valve, a valve in the valve chest for controlling flow of the operating fluid from the valve chest to the two cylinders alternately, and automatic means for controlling the last named valve by the reciprocationsof the iston.

10. In a lluid o erated eep well pump, the combination'o an outer casing with a ixed head mounted therein, a power cylinder at each end of the said head, a piston in each cylinder with a tubular piston rod rigidly connectin the istons and passing through the fixe heafi an exhaust valve opening in each end of the fixed head with an exhaust valve correspondingthereto,said head having an inlet valve chest with inlet valve means for controlling the ow of the operating fluid to each cylinder, the lower end of the tubular piston rod having a check valve enablin the pump to raise the pumfped oot liquid throng the tubular piston rod, a chamber for the pumped liquid receiving the lower end of the rod, the upper piston o erating at the end of the down-stroke to c ose the upper exhaust valve and open the lower exhaust valve, automatic means for controlling the inlet valve means by the reciprocation of the piston rod, means' for forming an exhaust passage between the cylinder walls and the outer casing, and means for maintaining the same in communication with the outer ends of the cylinders to permit free reciprocating movement of the pistons.

11. In a fluid operated deep well pump, the combination of an outer casing with a ixed head mounted therein, a power cylinder at each end of the said head, a piston in each cylinder with a tubular piston rod rigidl connecting the pistons and passing throng the fixed head, an exhaust valve opening 1n each end of the fixed head with an exhaust valve corresponding thereto, said head having an inlet valve chest with inlet valve means for controlling the ow of the operating iluid to each cylinder, the lower end of the tubular piston rod having a check valve enabling the pum to raise the umped liquid through the tubu ar iston rod, a foot chamber for the pumped iquid receiving the lower end of the rod, the upper piston operating at the end of the down-stroke to close the upper exhaust valve and open the lower exhaust valve, automatic means for controlling the inlet valve means by the reciprocation of the piston rod, means connecting the walls of the cylinders with the said outer casing to form an exhaust passage on one side of the fixed head and an inlet passage for'the operating fluid on the other side of the head communicating with the 'valve chest, the walls of said cylindersA IDD lit

communication with the exhaust passage and permitting free movement of the pistons in the cylinders.

l2. In a fluid o erated deep well pump, the combination oi) a well casing, an inner casing within the well casing, means for packing off the annular space between the inner casing and the well casing, a flow pipe for carrying the pumped liquid disposed within the inner casing, with means for packing the annular spac-e between the flow pipe and the inner casing, said inner casing aving openings through the wall thereof between the packing means to permit the operating fluid for the pump to pass down the inner casing and around the flow pipe, an outer pump casing in the .form of tubmg connected to the inner casing, a distance sleeve welded to the inner face of the outer pump casing, an inner pump casing welded to the inner face of the sleeve with longitudinal bars connecting with the lower end of the distance sleeve and extending longitudinally between the inner pump casing and the outer pump casing so as to divide the annular space between the same into an exhaust passage for receiving the exhaust operating fluid from the pump and an inlet passage for conducting the operating fluid down into the pump` i3. ln a fluid operatedl deep well pump, the combination of a well casing, an inner casing within the well casing, means for packing off the annular space between the inner casing and the well casing, a flow pipe for carrying the pumped liquid disposed within the inner casing, with means for packing lthe annular space between the flow pipe and the inner casing, said inner casing having openings through the wall thereof between the packing means to permit the op'- erating fluid for the pump to pass down the inner casing and around the flow pipe, an outer pump casing in the form of tubing connected to the inner casing, a distance sleeve welded to the inner face of the outer pump casing, an inner pump casing welded to the inner face of the sleeve with longitudinal bars connecting;r with the lower end of the distance sleeve vand extending longitudinally between the inner pump casing and the outer pump casing so as to divide the annular space between the same into an exhaust passage for receiving the exhaust operating fluid from the pump, and an inlet passage for conducting the operating fluid down into the pump, a fixed, elongated pump head having an enlarged end connected to the outerpump casing and having a reduced end connected to the inner pump casing at the upper end of the fixed head, said fixed head having an exhaust chamber on one side communicating with the said exhaust passage and having an I inlet chamber on the other side communicating with the said inlet passage.

14. ln a Huid operated deep well pump, the

combination of a well casing, an inner casing within the well casing, means for packing off the annular space between the inner casing and the well casing, a flow 'pipe for carrymg the pumped liquid disposed within the the inner casing with means for packing the annular space between the flow pipe and the inner casing, said inner casing having openings through the wall thereof between the packing means to permit the o erating fluid for the pump to pass down the inner casing and around the flow ipe, an outer pump casing in the form of tu ing connected to the inner casing, a distance sleeve welded to the inner face of the outer pump casing, an inner pump casing welded to the. inner face of the sleeve with longitudinal bars connecting with the lower end of the distance sleeve and extending longitudinally between the inner pump casing and the outer pump casing so as to divide the annular space between the same into an exhaust passage for receiving the exhaust operating fluid from the pump and an inlet passage for conducting the operating fluid down to the pump, a fixed, elongated pump head having an enlarged end connected to the outer pump casing and having a reduced end. connected to the inner pump casing at the upper end of the lixed head, said fixed head having an exhaust chamber on one side communicating with the said exhaust passage and having an inlet chamber on the other side communicating with the said inlet passage, the inner pump casing attached to the upper end of the said head constituting a power cylinder, a tube attached to the lower end of the said fixed head and constituting a lower power cylinder, said fixed head having a longitudinal bore therethrough communicating with the interior of the cylinders and connecting with the said exhaust chamber, an exhaust valve seated on the upper end of the fixed head to control the flow of the exhaust operating fluid from the upper cylinder into the exhaust chamber, a lower exhaust valve seating onthe lower end of the fixed 'head for controlling the flow of exhaust operating fluid from the lower cylinder, an inlet valve 'in the valve chest for controlling admission of the operating fluid to both cylinders, a tubular piston rod passing through the bore of the lixed head and the pistons secured thereto to reciprocate in the cylinders respectively, a check valve in the piston rod for enabling the pumped liquid to be raised through the pump, and automatic means for controlling the inlet valve by the reciprocating movement of the pistons.

15. In a deep well pump, the combination of a tubular casing formed of connected pipes, having a passage for conducting fluid down the casing, a fixed head with threads at its lower end securing the same in the said pipes, said fixed head having a thread con- A"Leugens nection at each end -of smaller diameter than the well casing, tubes attached to the smaller diameter thread, constituting power and pump cylinders, a power piston moving in .5 the power cylinder means communicating with said passage or admitting operating iuid to the tube constituting the power cylinder, and a pump piston connected with the first named piston, within the pump cylinder and actuated by the power piston for pumping liquid.

16. In a iiuid operated deep well pump, the combination o an outer casing with av fixed head mounted therein, a ower cylin- 15 derat each end of the said head a iston in each cylinder with a rod common to oth pistons and passing through the fixed head, an exhaust valve opening in each end of the fixed head with an exhaust valve corresponding to each opening, said head havingan inlet valve chest with inlet valve means for controlling the How of the operating iuid to peach" cylinder, means cooperating with the said plston rod to raise the pumped li uid, the upper' piston operating at the end o the v down stroke to close the upper exhaust valve and open the lower exhaust valve, and means actuated through the reciprocation of the piston rod for controlling the inlet valve means.

Signed at Los Angeles, Cal., this 5th day of March, 1929.

JOSEPH B. SPELLACY. JOSEPH E. MEAD. 

